lehhorumarka degdega ah ee qaybinta sawir-qaadista, saqafyo badan oo badan ayaa "ku lebisan sawirkavoltaic" waxayna noqdaan kheyraad cagaaran oo koronto ah. Korontada nidaamka PV waxay si toos ah ula xiriirtaa dakhliga maalgashiga ee nidaamka, sida loo hagaajiyo nidaamka koronto-dhalinta ayaa diiradda saaraya warshadaha oo dhan.
1. Farqiga u dhexeeya koronto-abuurka saqafyada leh jihooyin kala duwan
Sida aynu wada ognahay, hanuuninta kala duwan ee modules photovoltaic helo shucaaca qoraxda noqon doonaa ka duwanaan doono, sidaas darteed koronto ee nidaamyada photovoltaic iyo hanuuninta module photovoltaic leeyahay xiriir dhow. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta, in aagga u dhexeeya 35 ~ 40 ° N loolka, tusaale ahaan, irdiance ay heleen saqafyada leh jihooyin kala duwan iyo azimuths kala duwan yihiin: iyada oo loo maleynayo in koronto ee saqafka koonfureed ee u jeedda waa 100, koronto ee saqafka bari-ujeedka iyo galbeedka-ujeeda waa qiyaastii 80, farqiga u dhexeeya 20% wuxuu noqon karaa 20%. Marka xagalku u wareego koonfur ilaa bari iyo galbeed, korontadu way yaraan doontaa.
Guud ahaan, wax ku oolnimada koronto ee ugu sarreeya ee nidaamka waxaa lagu gaaraa waqooyiga hemisphere oo leh jihada koonfureed ee saxda ah iyo xagasha ugu fiican ee u janjeersiga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in dhaqanka, gaar ahaan in photovoltaic qaybiyey, by xaaladaha qaabaynta dhismaha iyo xayiraadda goobta, modules photovoltaic inta badan aan lagu rakibi karin in hanuuninta ugu fiican iyo xagal u janjeera ugu fiican, qaybaha multi-orientation noqday mid ka mid ah dhibco ka mid ah nidaamka photovoltaic saqafka qaybiyey, si looga fogaado khasaaraha ka mid ah koronto soo saaray by multi-orientation, waxa uu noqday dhibaato kale oo ka mid ah horumarinta warshadaha.
2. "Saamaynta looxa gaaban" ee saqafyada jihooyin badan
Nidaamka rogrogmada xadhkaha dhaqameedka, cutubyadu waxay ku xidhan yihiin si taxane ah, iyo waxtarkooda korontadu waxa xaddiday "saamaynta guddiga gaaban." Marka xadhig ka mid ah modules loo qaybiyo jihooyin badan oo saqafka, waxtarka koronto yareeyey ee mid ka mid ah modules saamayn doonaa korontada ee xadhigga oo dhan modules, sidaas saamayn ku hufnaan koronto jiheynta saqafka badan.
Inverter Micro wuxuu qaataa nashqad wareeg ah oo siman oo buuxa, oo leh shaqo raadin awood ugu sareysa oo madax banaan (MPPT), kaas oo si buuxda u baabi'in kara "saameynta guddiga gaaban" iyo in la hubiyo in module kasta uu si madax-bannaan u shaqeeyo iyo korontadu ma saameynayso midba midka kale, marka la barbardhigo nidaamka qalliinka xargaha dhaqameed, isla shuruudo isku mid ah, waxay dhalin kartaa 5% ~ 25% awood dheeraad ah iyo hagaajinta dakhliga maalgashiga.
Xitaa haddii modules-yada lagu rakibo saqafyada leh jihooyin kala duwan, wax soo saarka module kasta waxaa lagu hagaajin karaa meel u dhow meesha ugu sarreysa ee awoodda, si saqafyo badan loo "dhasho PV" oo ay soo saaraan qiimo badan.
3. Inverter-yar oo ku jira codsiga saqafka jihooyinka badan
Inverters Micro, oo leh faa'iidooyin farsamo oo gaar ah, ayaa aad ugu habboon codsiyada saqafka sare ee jihooyinka badan ee PV, waxayna u adeegeen in ka badan 100 waddan iyo gobollo, iyagoo siinaya xalal farsamo oo heer-module ah oo MLPE ah oo loogu talagalay saqafka sare ee jihooyinka badan ee PV.
4. Mashruuca PV Qoyska
Dhawaan, mashruuca PV awoodda nidaamka 22.62kW ayaa laga dhisay Brazil. Bilowgii naqshadeynta mashruuca, milkiilaha ayaa la filayaa Naqshadeynta mashruuca ka dib, qaybaha PV ayaa ugu dambeyntii lagu rakibay todobo saqaf oo kala duwan oo kala duwan, iyo isticmaalka alaabooyinka yaryar ee rogroga, saqafyada ayaa si buuxda loo isticmaalay. Hawlgalka dhabta ah ee warshadda korontada, oo ay saameeyeen jihooyin badan, qadarka shucaaca qorraxda ee ay helaan modules-yada saqafyada kala duwan way kala duwan yihiin, awoodooda koronto-dhalinta aad ayey u kala duwan tahay. Tusaale ahaan u soo qaado cutubyada goobaaban ee shaxanka hoose, labada saqaf ee soo jeeda ee ku wareegsan casaan iyo buluug waxay u dhigmaan dhinacyada galbeed iyo bari siday u kala horreeyaan.
5. Mashaariicda PV-ga ganacsiga
Marka laga soo tago mashaariicda deegaanka, rogayaasha yaryar ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa codsiyada ganacsiga iyo warshadaha marka ay u jeedaan saqafka. Sannadkii hore, mashruuc ganacsi iyo warshadeed oo PV ah ayaa lagu rakibay saqafka sare ee dukaan weyn oo ku yaal Goits, Brazil, oo leh awood lagu rakibay 48.6 kW. Bilowga naqshadeynta iyo xulashada mashruuca, goobta ayaa lagu wareejinayaa sawirka hoose. Iyada oo ku saleysan xaaladdan, mashruucu wuxuu doortay dhammaan alaabooyinka yaryar ee inverter, si korontada korantada ee module kasta oo saqafka ah uusan midba midka kale u saameynin, si loo hubiyo waxtarka tamarta tamarta ee nidaamka.
Jihooyin badan ayaa noqday sifo kale oo muhiim ah oo maanta loo qaybiyey saqafka sare ee PV, iyo rogro-galayaasha yar yar ee leh shaqada MPPT ee heerka ka kooban shaki la'aan waa doorasho ku haboon oo lagula tacaali karo khasaaraha ka dhashay jihooyin kala duwan. Soo ururi iftiinka qorraxda si aad u iftiimiso gees kasta oo adduunka ah.